IN Moscow Over the past 13 years, infant mortality has been reduced by more than half. As the deputy mayor of Moscow for social development said Anastasia Rakova, thanks to the comprehensive development of care for premature babies, children with low body weight are now being cared for in the capital in almost 99 percent of cases and extremely low – in more than 82 percent. In addition, the authorities are trying to ensure not only the survival of the child, but also his further full life and development, for which they provide a personalized track for each child, both in terms of medical support and education.
“Compared to 2010, our infant mortality rate has more than halved. These are very high numbers that we are proud of. We achieved them thanks to an integrated approach, the construction of new perinatal centers, and the development of existing maternity hospitals. Many years ago, we included them as much as possible in multidisciplinary clinics, and now we are doing everything to ensure that the maternity hospital is located on the territory of the hospital. This allows you to form an interdisciplinary team as quickly as possible and provide all the necessary assistance. The most difficult cases, both from the point of view of the condition of the mother and child, and childbirth, which occur as early as possible, are concentrated in perinatal centers – now there are five of them in the capital. The Vorokhobov Center is a flagship center, as unique intrauterine operations are performed there,” said the vice-mayor.
According to her, to date, 12 operations have already been performed on babies in the womb at the perinatal center of the Vorokhobov Hospital. Neonatal surgery is also actively developing in the center. Such operations are carried out in the first hours and days after the birth of the child. The perinatal center has the opportunity not to transport the child to other hospitals and provide all the care in one place. This reduces the risks for the newborn. During the short period of operation of the center, about 200 neonatal operations have been performed: cardiac surgery, neurosurgical, ophthalmological. It is planned that in the near future the range of intrauterine and neonatal surgical interventions will expand.
This is possible thanks to the centers being equipped with the most modern equipment. In recent years, more than two thousand items of equipment have been supplied to maternity hospitals and perinatal centers, and by the end of next year it is planned to purchase more than 400 items. Hospitals have about two thousand high-tech incubators – incubators for nursing newborns. They allow you to follow the rule of the three Ts: silence, darkness and temperature. These are the main criteria for caring for a child’s health. They also have a special regime to prepare the baby for life outside the incubator.
Modern neonatal screening is carried out to identify 36 hereditary diseases with subsequent dispensary registration, constant support and special medications.
In perinatal centers and maternity hospitals, parents are involved in the treatment process and try to bring the child closer to the mother, and not separate them. Breastfeeding is encouraged, even if the baby is sick. For round-the-clock stays, there are shared wards, even in the intensive care unit, where there is a mother’s bed and a child’s incubator. In some clinics, parents have the opportunity to monitor their child around the clock via a smartphone.
In addition, special competence centers have been opened in the capital to help pregnant women.
“Also, a special role in the city’s healthcare is played by competency centers, where women at the stage of planning pregnancy and during pregnancy can receive appropriate help if they have certain pathologies. For example, now women with diabetes are observed in the Bauman Hospital, with vascular pathology in the Filatov Hospital, and the 52nd Hospital deals with chronic nephrological diseases,” added Anastasia Rakova.
The totality of competencies that are currently available in Moscow healthcare allows us to provide assistance in the most difficult cases, she noted. For example, in city hospital No. 52, a 45-year-old woman spent over a hundred days in intensive care with COVID-19 a year and a half ago, was able to become pregnant, carry and give birth to a healthy child.
There are currently 5 perinatal centers operating in Moscow, and in the near future it is planned to open a new center on the basis of Hospital No. 31 named after Academician G. M. Savelyeva.
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